Wei Li’s long-term goal is to use the mammalian retina as a model for the central nervous system (CNS) to understand how neural circuits function, develop, degenerate, and can be repaired. Using the cone-dominant ground squirrel, we study cone photoreceptors—especially short-wavelength (S-) cones—examining their synaptic organization, circuit connectivity, and development. These studies provide insight into retinal and broader CNS function and guide strategies for regeneration and repair. In parallel, we investigate metabolic resilience in hibernating ground squirrels. As many neurodegenerative diseases are driven by metabolic stress, understanding how hibernators tolerate extreme metabolic suppression may reveal new therapeutic approaches for retinal and CNS disorders.